UN Survey Finds Migrant Pattes Are 'Fluid And Adapt To Challenges'

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جمعه 27 حمل 1395 ساعت 11:42 نوشته شده توسط TOLOnews.com

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The latest United Nations Population Movement Bulletin, issued on Thursday found there is evidence that pattes of migration from Afghanistan are fluid and adapt to challenges and obstacles in the larger political environment.

The report indicated that the UNHCR recently found evidence suggesting that families may increasingly decide to depart, based on a perception that single young men are less likely to be granted asylum in destination countries.

Issued at a critical time, in light of the current migrant crisis in Europe, this edition of the UN's Population Movement Bulletin looks at the motivation for migration, among other issues including that of retu refugees.

This bulletin also "focuses in part on changing pattes of population movements as well as some of the motivations and factors underlying the often difficult decisions to uproot families and seek safety and better futures elsewhere."

Meanwhile, the report stated that the fast-changing political climate in destination countries has a profound impact on the migration/flight decisions among Afghans. Understanding the flow of critical information regarding risks and opportunities, as well as credibility (or lack thereof) of various intermediaries, is essential to understanding past and future mobility trends, either within Afghanistan or to destinations further afield.

"Research suggests that these are rarely individual decisions but involve the extended family and a pooling of their resources. The option to move is often part of a broader coping strategy, and a response to either economic or physical insecurity or both. Families make tactical choices about who to send and what routes to take in response to the changing exteal environment," read the report.

"Understanding the basis on which families make these decisions is key to developing effective responses that address the underlying causes of flight and create the conditions which may facilitate the eventual retu of people in conditions of safety and dignity," it read.

The UN said that recently the UNHCR found evidence suggesting that families may increasingly decide to depart, based on a perception that single young men are less likely to be granted asylum in destination countries.

The report also stated that incentives for Afghan refugees to retu to Afghanistan are diminishing.

The UN stated that within Afghanistan, urban areas were seen to offer greater potential employment opportunities, security and public services but that rural areas are attractive to those with family ties and friends, or for the availability of cheaper accommodation, dependent on security.

The report indicated that "it is important to ensure that migrants and asylum seekers have access to the resources and information they need to make informed decisions regarding migration or flight. In the wake of Afghan migration to Europe, IOM found migrants usually don't have sufficient clear information about what to expect."

The report stated that information is provided largely by smugglers. "UNHCR's monitoring of social media websites also highlights the extent to which misinformation regarding the risks of the jouey and conditions upon arrival have permeated the web. Migrants' often rosy picture vanishes as soon as they encounter the reality of Europe."

"As such, the way in which information is framed and disseminated to migrant groups is important. There is a need for a positive campaign which offers alteatives to irregular migration and viable options to find adequate protection and the possibility of better futures within Afghanistan. Understanding the culture of oral tradition and the esteem that community elders and institutions are held in, oral dissemination of information in mosques and schools by shuras, village elders and those who have attempted to reach Europe, has been identified as an effective information channel."

On the issue of retu refugees, the report stated that the last few months have seen no significant increase in the number of voluntary or forced retus to Afghanistan. "Discussions within the govement of Afghanistan as well as between the govement and individual hosting countries continues," read the report.

A total of 58,460 Afghan refugees were formally repatriated in 2015, the majority from Pakistan. But they said that a significant number of retuees opt to retu to areas of Afghanistan other than places of origin. Forty-one per cent of those interviewed stated they chose alteate destinations mainly due to insecurity and a lack of land, shelter, livelihoods and access to basic services in areas of origin.

To read the full report click here - http://www.tolonews.com/pdf/UN_AFGHANISTAN_POPULATION_MOVEMENT_BULLETIN_Issue_2_April_2016.pdf

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